Autism and Exercise

Autistic teenagers are often less physically active than their peers, mainly due to social challenges and dyspraxia, which affects their ability to plan movements. This can lead to higher levels of obesity and lower physical fitness, particularly in cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, and flexibility.

Barriers to physical activity for autistic teens include poor coordination, low self-esteem, fear of teasing, behavioural issues, and a preference for sedentary activities. Additionally, many physical activity supervisors lack the expertise to support autistic individuals effectively.However, physical activity is crucial for physical and mental health, helping reduce anxiety, depression, and anger. Research by Healy et al. (2018) supports the benefits of physical activity for autistic children and teenagers, showing improvements in manipulative and locomotor skills, skill-related fitness, social functioning, and overall strength and agility.

Connecting Mind & Body Is Essential for Autistic Individuals

Effective interventions include programmes like Young Athletes, trampoline training, horse riding, exergaming with Nintendo Wii, running, jogging, and aquatic exercises. For example, horse riding has been observed to reduce social withdrawal through interaction with animals.

It's essential to choose activities that meet each teenager's individual needs. Assessments by physical trainers or therapists can help tailor personal fitness programmes, enhancing motivation and a sense of achievement.Incorporating regular physical activity at home and school can significantly enhance the physical and mental well-being, cognitive abilities, and self-esteem of autistic teenagers. From my clinical experience, some autistic teens who engage in a sport of special interest show remarkable improvements, sometimes reaching Olympic-level abilities.

Real Life Example

For instance, Jane, an autistic teenager whom I have been working with over the past 5 years, found a passion for nature walking. With regular practice and tailored scheduling, her physical fitness and social skills improved dramatically, illustrating the profound impact of structured physical activity.

Reference

Healey et al (2018) The effect of physical activity interventions on youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A meta-analysis. Autism Research 11 818-833.